What does the "banking" theory suggest?

• A. Students actively participate in their learning
• B. Knowledge is passively received from teachers
• C. Teachers and students learn from each other
• D. Learning occurs only through textbooks

Answer: (B)

The "banking" theory of education, proposed by Paulo Freire, suggests that knowledge is treated as a commodity that is deposited into students' minds by teachers. According to this perspective, students are seen as passive recipients of information rather than active participants in the learning process. This is akin to a bank deposit, where knowledge is stored without the expectation of critical engagement or personal interpretation. Freire criticizes this approach for stifling creativity and critical thinking, emphasizing instead the importance of dialogue and interaction in learning.

In this context, the other options highlight more engaging and interactive educational philosophies, which stand in contrast to the "banking" model. The idea that students actively participate in their learning reflects a constructivist approach where learners are engaged in their educational journey. Similarly, the notion that teachers and students can learn from each other underscores the importance of collaboration and shared experiences in the learning environment. Lastly, saying that learning occurs only through textbooks limits the scope of education and disregards other valuable resources and experiences that contribute to knowledge building.